神话时代兵种译名
Destroyer 殲滅步兵裝備：三叉戟+盾牌（塔盾？）
初譯：三叉戟兵
The robust Destroyer carries a great shield and a vicious trident when doing battle. However, the Destroyer is trained to eliminate fortifications, such as buildings and Guard Towers, and is not an effective melee fighter.
Murmillo 魚盔步兵
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murmillo
裝備：劍+盾牌
初譯：未定
Battling with sword and shield, the Murmillo is particularly good against cavalry, but can effectively battle any type of foe.
Hoplites 希臘步兵
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoplite
裝備：長矛+圓盾
初譯：希臘重步兵
Hoplites are expensive but powerful, especially against cavalry. The main Greek soldier of antiquity was the Hoplite, named after the great round shield he carried into battle. Hoplites wore helmets, leg and chest armor, and carried long spears. They fought in dense columns with the spear points from several ranks projecting out from the formation. They presented a formidable block of bristling spears held above the shoulder. In battle they would close with the enemy as a pushing wall of shields, stabbing with their spears over the shields. Men behind would push those in front and stab over them. This fighting was face-to-face and terrifying, requiring high skill and discipline. Battles were usually short but deadly. Before the rise of the Hoplite, most army fighting had been more long-range archery and posturing. The Greeks made war personal and intense, and Hoplites dominated ancient battlefields for centuries.
Hypaspists 特種步兵
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypaspists
裝備：短劍+圓盾
初譯：未定
Hypaspists are inexpensive fighters that counter other
infantry units.
Alexander’s great army of conquest included three regiments of Hypaspists. These were apparently the best of his peasant infantry and of equal status and ability to his Foot Companions, most of noble blood. The Hypaspists were capable of fighting as traditional Hoplite infantry, or could switch to javelins and lighter armor for rapid movement in rough terrain. They were used to rapidly close with the enemy and fix them, allowing the companion cavalry to hit the enemy from a side or the rear.
Myrmidons 天界步兵
Created at Fortress
裝備：標槍
初譯：未定
Myrmidons are Zeus’s elite fortress unit. They are strong against Egyptian and Norse soldiers.
The Myrmidons come down to us from the Iliad and were reported to be a fierce tribe from Thessaly, in northern Greece. They were followers of Achilles and noted for carrying out his orders pitilessly and without question, no matter how cruel. Today the word has come to mean a subordinate who carries out orders without question.
Arcus 弓兵
裝備：長弓+小圓盾
初譯：長弓兵
Armed with a longbow and a small buckler for defense, the Arcus is a versatile unit that, while especially strong against infantry, can do significant damage at range to all units.
Gastraphetes (Hades) 冥界弓兵
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastraphetes
裝備：腹弩
初譯：腹弩兵
The archer of Hades is good against buildings and infantry.
This ancient ancestor to the mounted ballistae and medieval crossbow, was slow to fire but had great range. “Gastraphetes” literally means “belly bow,” perhaps because it was cocked and fired while braced against the soldier’s abdomen.
Toxotes 希臘弓兵
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxotai
裝備：短弓+盾牌
初譯：未定
Toxotes can devestate infantry but are vunerable to fast moving units such as cavalry.
After centuries of warfare that was decided by Hoplite battle, the Greeks began using a variety of units after the superiority of combined arms was demonstrated convincingly by Philip’s Macedonian army. The Greeks added light troops, mainly Peltasts and cavalry. They were slower to add archers, whom they called Toxotes, because they did not have the long tradition of archery practice that created bowmen of sufficient quality for the battlefield.
Peltasts 希臘盾兵
裝備：標槍+盾牌
初譯：擲標槍兵
Greek counter-archers are effective against other archers, but weak against most other unit types.
Peltasts were light troops originally from Thrace (modern Serbia) who took their name from their light hide-covered shield called a pelte. They wore no armor, allowing them to move rapidly on the battlefield. Each man carried several javelins, usually one meter in length. Their battlefield role was to close with heavy and slow enemy formations, throw javelins into their midst, and pull back before the enemy could catch them. If Peltasts could attack phalanxes on the flanks, they could cause casualties and disrupt the formation before Hoplite battle was joined. The increasing use of light troops such as Peltasts eventually made armies composed entirely of Hoplites obsolete.
Contarius 長槍騎兵
裝備：巨劍+盾牌
初譯：巨劍騎兵
The swift and dangerous Contarius rides a warhorse resplendent in heavy barding, and wields a shield and a great sword. Though especially effective against archers, the Contarius is skilled at battling any enemy unit.
Turma 短槍騎兵
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turma
裝備：短矛
初譯：羅馬短矛騎兵
Training Location Counter Barracks
The moderately armored Turma is the most fleet of your units. The Turma attacks by heaving short spears at enemies, but is strong only against archers.
Hetairoi (Poseidon) 海王騎兵
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Companion_cavalry
裝備：騎槍，劍
初譯：馬其頓槍騎兵/馬其頓重騎兵
The Hetairoi were the elite Hippikons. Their primary purpose is to destroy enemy buildings. They are available only to worshippers of Poseidon.
Hippikons 希臘騎兵
裝備：
初譯：未定
Greek cavalry are expensive and slow, but powerful. Cavalry are strong against archers and can strike quickly against siege weapons, but are weaker against infantry.
Greek cavalry, other than the scouts or elite Hetairoi, were called Hippikons. The classic Greeks had foregone cavalry in favor of armies consisting entirely of Hoplite infantry. After the rise of Macedonia, the use of other arms was evident. Hippikon cavalry and light troops were raised to support the Hoplite infantry.
Prodromos 希臘反騎兵
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prodromoi
裝備：標槍+盾牌，長槍
初譯：馬其頓標槍騎兵/馬其頓輕騎兵
Greek counter-cavalry are strong against other cavalry—such as Hippikons, Raiding Cavalry, and Jarls—but weak against other unit types.
The Prodromos were a light cavalry unit within the heavy Macedonian cavalry (Hetairoi or Companions) of Alexander the Great’s army. These men were armed with javelins or a shortened cavalry spear, plus a sword as their secondary weapon. They scouted for the army but were used in battle with the heavier Companions
when needed. They were particularly useful in battle during the pursuit of broken enemy troops that could be run down while fleeing.
Cheiroballista 徒手弩砲兵
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheiroballistra
裝備：扭力弩（手持弩砲）
初譯：扭力弩兵
The light and relatively fast Cheiroballista is an anti-infantry siege weapon, but is weak against most other units, particularly cavalry.
Catapult 投石器
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catapult
初譯名：投石車
Egyptians can use Catapults to defeat enemy ships and destroy buildings.
Catapults were invented by the Greeks for use as artillery on the battlefield or during a siege. Creating tension by pulling back large bow-like arms or by twisting cordage made of hides or hair, a great throwing force could be achieved. Catapults could throw a stone weighing over 10 pounds to a range of nearly 1,500 feet.
Petrobolos 擲石車
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torsion_siege_engine
初譯名：擲石車
Greek catapults are best used against enemy ships and buildings.
The most common catapult used anciently was a traction catapult built by the Greeks and called a Petrobolos. The power of the arm was generated by traction, usually by pulling or winding down a balanced throwing arm. The best Petrobolos of the age threw stones weighing approximately 125 pounds. Rocks of this weight plunging down on walls and buildings were capable of devastating damage.
Helepolis 攻城箭塔
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helepolis
初譯名：
This rolling siege tower is mounted with balistae and can transport your troops in safety.
The name of this siege machine translates as “take of cities.” The name was first applied to a mobile tower constructed by Greeks to attack a city on Cyprus. This large movable tower mounted stone throwers and ballistae of different sizes, with the smallest at the top. Two hundred men pushed the tower up to the enemy walls using parallel beams extending out from the bottom of the tower. The larger weapons in the machine battered the walls while the smaller ones swept defenders off the walls in preparation for an assault.
Ballista 弩砲
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballista
初譯名：弩砲
A Ballista can be used to defeat ships, infantry, and buildings.
The Ballista was a type of pre-gunpowder-era artillery, mainly used against men in formation. It was a large bow mounted sideways. It used a winch and ratchet to create bow tension. The missile was usually a large metal or metal-headed bolt. Fired into a mass of people at ranges up to 1,000 feet, bolts could disable several enemies. Ballistae could be placed on fixed mounts on walls or ships, or on mobile-wheeled mounts for battlefield use. They were not particularly effective against fortified buildings and walls.
Bireme 橈槳船
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bireme
初譯名：雙層槳座戰船
The Bireme is a large, but very swift, double-hulled arrow ship that is strong against hammer ships and Fireships.
Siege Bireme 攻城橈槳船
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bireme
初譯名：攻城雙層槳座戰船
Slow but powerful, the Siege Bireme is strong against buildings and arrow ships.
Kebenit 埃及戰船
Kebenits can fiercely attack ramming ships, but are vulnerable to siege ships.
Ramming Galley 埃及槌船
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galley
This hammer ship is good at smashing enemy siege ships.
War Barge 弩砲戰船
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barge
The Egyptian siege ship—or War Barge—fires a volley of stones that devastates enemy buildings and archer ships.
Trireme 三列槳戰船
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trireme
初譯名：三列槳座戰船
The Trireme is an archer ship best used against hammer ships.
Juggernaut 重裝戰船
初譯名：無敵戰船
The Juggernaut is the Greek siege ship. It deals tremendous damage to archer ships and buildings, but is vulnerable to ramming ships.
Pentekonter 希臘槌船
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penteconter
The Pentekonter is a hammer ship and is strong against siege ships.
Longboat 長船
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longship
The Longboat is the archer ship in the Norse navy. As with other naval archers, it is strong against hammer ships, but it can also inflict bonus damage to buildings. It generates Favor more quickly in combat.
Dragon Ship 龍頭戰船
The Norse siege ship—or Dragon Ship—is strong against buildings and archer ships, but vulnerable to ramming ships.
Drakkar 北歐槌船
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longship
The Norse ramming ship—or Drakkar—is good against siege ships, but archer ships can sink it quickly.
Fanatic 狂熱雙劍兵
裝備：雙劍
初譯：雙劍兵
The lightly armored Fanatics wield dual swords and can skillfully battle any military unit except the archer. Since there is no room for a shield in the Fanatics’ style of fighting, arrows are especially damaging.
Katapeltes 頭鎚步兵
裝備：釘鎚
初譯：釘鎚兵
Hefting a great mace into battle, the Katapeltes is a unit specialized to fight against cavalry. However, the Katapeltes is not particularly effective against other units.
Axemen 斧兵
不解釋
The Egyptian infantry are not the most powerful, but they are inexpensive to produce and can hold off enemy infantry until you can produce more powerful chariots.
Mercenaries 傭兵
不解釋
Egyptians can hire Mercenaries at any Town Center.Mercenaries train very quickly, cost only Gold, and are good at countering cavalry. Their primary use is town defense because their services only last a short time. They rarely serve long enough to travel to an enemy town.
Spearmen 長槍兵（長矛兵）
不解釋
Egyptian infantry are not very powerful, but they are inexpensive, and can help hold off enemy units until the Egyptians can train more powerful archers or chariots.
Huskarls 哥德衛兵
不解釋
Although most infantry are beaten by archers, the Norse Huskarls are the opposite. Their high-pierce armor means they can quickly close with enemy archers or even buildings that shoot arrows. They are weaker to other infantry and cavalry, and more expensive than other Norse infantry. The name of this unit derives from an old Norse name for common household servants (house karl), but it later came to mean the elite household guards of a Viking lord. One Viking king in England required that a man have a gold-inlaid, two-handed sword to be considered for his Huskarls. These were the king’s best professional troops, carrying the best equipment he could afford. Their sole duties were training, guard duty, and war. Although spearmen are generally regarded as the answer to enemy cavalry, the forest of upright spears could also do surprisingly well at stopping incoming arrows.
Throwing Axemen 擲斧兵
不解釋
Despite the fact that he uses a ranged weapon, the Throwing Axeman is an infantry unit and benefits from infantry upgrades. The Throwing Axeman is inexpensive and very effective against infantry units.
Little is known about how warriors fought using throwing axes, but we do know that at least one Germanic tribe, the Franks, derived their name from a knife or axe that they threw in battle. It is possible that they threw one weapon prior to joining hand-to-hand combat, at which point they switched to another axe or sword. Throwing a weapon just prior to close fighting may have wounded and shaken many of the enemy just before the moment of contact, giving an initial and perhaps decisive advantage to the throwers.
Ulfsarks 北歐步兵
初譯：狂戰士
Norse infantry are lightly armored but have a strong attack. The general-purpose Ulfsarks form the backbone of a Norse army. They are particularly good at defeating cavalry. Viking warriors who wore wolf skins into battle were known as Ulfsarks, another tradition of the Bezerks (bear skins). These men were renowned for their tendency to go into battle frenzy. Ulfsarks fought on foot, armed mainly with axes and swords. They generally wore minimal armor, preferring freedom of movement to heavier protection.
Chariot Archers 戰車弓兵
不解釋
Egyptian Chariot Archers are a powerful unit and should be the backbone of an Egyptian army. They are fast, but not very effective against buildings or siege weapons. From about 1,700–1,200 B.C., chariot archers dominated the battlefields of the Middle East and western India. The great civilizations of the time, principally the Egyptians and Hittites to the west, were sufficiently wealthy and advanced to field forces of these relatively expensive weapons. The elites of these cultures hunted from chariots, and archery skill was prized. Surrounding barbarians were intimidated by the fast and accurate archers until they learned how to kill the horses or otherwise disable the team. Around 1,200 B.C., chariot archers largely disappeared and barbarians, whose origin remains unknown, overran the cultures that used them.
Slingers 投石兵
不解釋
Egyptian Slingers are effective against groups of ranged units, such as the Greek Toxotes. However, they are not very effective against buildings or siege weapons.
The sling was simply a long piece of cloth held on both ends with a stone in the center that could be swung rapidly. When one end was released, the stone missile was thrown with fairly high accuracy. Originally a hunting weapon for bringing down small game and birds, the sling was adapted easily to the battlefield where light troops used it to harass enemy formations. Slings were much less expensive than a bow and its complement of arrows, and slingers were easier to train than archers. Many ancient armies kept contingents of slingers to accompany their infantry and archer units.
Camelry 駱駝騎兵
不解釋
As the primary Egyptian cavalry, Camelry are good at countering cavalry and siege weapons, but are vulnerable to infantry.
Desert warriors of the Middle East employed camels mainly as dependable transport across the arid wastes of the region. Camels could carry moderate loads and up to two men. They had reasonable speed for short periods. Also, horses unfamiliar with camels shied away from them, making camelry particularly effective against horsemounted troops.
War Elephants 戰象
不解釋
War Elephants are slow moving and expensive, but they are good at destroying buildings.
The generals of ancient times, tracing back at least to Hannibal, were intrigued by the use of elephants in battle. The size and strength of the beasts were enough to shake any troops, but especially those who had never seen the animal before. In practice, elephants may have been more for show than effectiveness. Wounded elephants were difficult to control and likely to disrupt friends as much as foes. They were used as platforms for commanders and archers, and were ideal for breaking into dense enemy formations if they could be coaxed to do so. While the Indians first introduced elephants to the Mediterranean, the Ptolemies of Egypt were the first to use the larger African elephants in warfare. Classical texts are very clear that generals knew to counter war elephants with pigs.
Raiding Cavalry 突擊騎兵
初譯：突擊騎兵
Norse Raiding Cavalry are fast, but lack the strength of more expensive cavalry. Raiding Cavalry are the best Norse response to archers until stronger units become available. These mounted warriors were especially suited for striking enemies quickly and without warning. Cavalry used as raiders were difficult to defend against because they could strike anywhere and disappear quickly. They were good for disrupting economies, looting or destroying goods, and wreaking havoc. Because they were not equipped with heavy armor and weapons, speed was their strength. They usually were not expected to fight in battle against enemy troops.
Jarls 王族騎兵
初譯：貴族騎兵
The Norse Jarls are a mighty cavalry unit—slow and expensive, but powerful in combat. Although they aren’t as good as Hersirs at combating mythological units, Jarls can inflict some bonus damage against them.
The high-ranking men who owned substantial land were called Jarls, a word possibly related to the Anglo-Saxon word that became earl. Because of their wealth and elite status, they possessed the best equipment. They owed allegiance to their superiors and were expected to fight on their behalf. For this reason, and their own interest in martial affairs, they were elite warriors—often trained from childhood.
Fire Siphon 火焰車
初譯名：火焰車
The Fire Siphon combines the properties of the metal orichalkos and a double-action piston with naptha and
quicklime to produce a constant stream of flame. It is strong against buildings.
Fireship 火焰船
初譯名：火焰船
Using the same technology as the Fire Siphon, the Fireship is a devastating naval unit that is strong against siege ships.
Siege Tower 攻城塔
初譯名：攻城塔
Siege Towers can transport units, fire arrows, and ram buildings. Counter them with cavalry.
One of the machines developed to attack walled towns was a siege tower on wheels. This large wooden tower was covered with wet hides to minimize its vulnerability to fire. A battering ram was suspended inside for use against the wall that the tower was moved against. The tower protected the men working the ram and other men shooting arrows into the town. When the wall was knocked down by the ram, the attacking army could enter the city.
Portable Ram 攻城鎚
初譯名：攻城槌
The high pierce armor of the soldiers carrying these rams protects them from enemy archers while they knock down walls and buildings.
When taking an enemy town quickly was important, one simple expedient was to cut down a strong tree, trim the trunk, attach some handholds, and then use the tree to batter down a gate or wall section. Although very dangerous work for the men holding the ram, it could be put into action within hours of arriving outside the city walls. The portable ram was particularly effective in surprise attacks and against fortifications of weak design. Such a ram was popular with raiding armies and those who could not linger outside a city for a protracted siege.
Hypaspist 直譯即希臘語的「持盾者／持盾步兵」，但中文界慣譯以「輕（裝）步兵」及「禁／近衛步兵」為主；被譯作「特種步兵」的原因是因為一些辭典刻意強調了該詞意指古希臘馬其頓特種步兵的成員。
https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=u%28paspisth%2Fs&la=greek
Myrmidons 直譯為「螞蟻人／螞蟻勇士」，而且這個名字還有希臘神話背景，傳說他們是由宙斯從一群螞蟻轉生而成的勇猛人種，到後世又引伸出「盲從者」的意思。一般中文著作為了不讓讀者誤解，往往進行音譯，如「默米東人」、「密耳彌多涅人」等等。
《運城學院學報》2008年第2期有學者專門撰文探討《如何翻譯Myrmidons一詞》，其結論為「警察」，但這是針對莎士比亞《第十二夜》裡的用法。
被譯作「天界步兵」的原因是因為它在遊戲內為天帝宙斯文明專用的部隊。
Katapeltes 在希臘語直譯即「穿盾」，也是拋石車 Catapulta 的語源，但在這裡顯然不應取該意項；現實上也不存在以此名稱呼步兵部隊本身的傳統。如果直譯應叫「穿盾者／步兵」，否則仍可用武器名借代之，官方翻譯「頭鎚」應該也是指釘頭鎚 mace 。 Bireme 譯為「雙槳船」甚至官方的「橈槳船」都有用例，太長的「雙層槳座戰船」不適合用於遊戲部隊上。除此以外大部分戰船名官方譯法基本都沒顧及原文，例如 Longship 、 Dragon Ship 、 Drakkar 幾乎是一物三名了，絕大部份辭典會將它們進行互譯；又如 Pentekonter 直譯為「五十槳大船」，當然這在遊戲中的模型根本沒有可能表現出來。 Juggernaut 之前已經討論過。 Arcus、Toxotes基本都指弓兵、射手, 拉丁語 Arcus 就是 Archer 詞源, 翻譯時不用強調說明文字的長弓, 而且相比起直接指"弓手"的希臘語的Toxotes, Arcus 也指"弧"即"箭"的發射軌跡; 如果兩者必須區分, Arcus 應該是"箭手"而 Toxotes 就是"弓手".
Peltasts 希臘語直譯確實是盾兵, 中文界較常見的譯法為"輕盾兵"及"重步兵", 但因為其配備標槍作戰所以也有人稱為"標槍兵"
Gastraphete 直譯即腹射者, 但除腹弩以外其武器名尚有"滑臂弩""石弓""腹弓"甚至"抵腹器"等譯法。
羅馬/哥德/馬其頓一類文明名稱都不應該出現
Huskarl 直接叫衛兵/衛隊/近衛就行, 名稱與歷史說明也沒提過Goths
Turma 雖然可以是指羅馬騎兵隊沒錯, 但用這名是因為亞特蘭提斯文明完全虛構而成才借用那稱呼... 拉丁字源一般認為就是 turba "人群", 勉強要譯的話會是"團戰騎兵"一類的感覺吧, 基於部隊本身使用武器命名"短矛/短槍騎兵"可能更好
Hetairoi 雖然很多人知道是亞歷山大的手下騎兵, 但希臘語直譯只是隨從/侍衛, 譯成親衛騎兵就行
Hippikons 就是希臘語的騎兵, 至於 Prodromos 是先鋒或先行者的意思
Contarius拉丁文甚至今天西班牙文都是指長槍(騎)兵, 在遊戲的武器也更像長槍...雖然說明文字說劍....
Murmillo 或 Mirmillo 是拉丁語, 意指一種帶著魚形頭盔的羅馬角鬥士, 詞源一般認為出於 murmuros 長頜魚, 在遊戲內同樣是被亞特蘭提斯借去的名字, 譯為「魚盔步兵」沒有問題
Hippikons 就是希臘語的騎兵, 「希臘騎兵」官方譯名沒有問題
Kebenit 是埃及語，一般認為意思是航海船，Pierre Montet 在《拉美西斯大帝時期埃及日常生命（Everyday Life in Egypt in the Days of Ramesses The Great）》一書提到它的詞源出於 Keben ，亦即地中海岸邊的比布魯斯城 Byblos (又稱朱拜勒、迦巴勒），因埃及人前往該地需要橫渡地中海，所以成為離開尼羅河出海遠航的象徵。
页:
[1]